CrimeTelescope: crime hotspot prediction based on urban and social media data fusion

Crime is a complex social issue impacting a considerable number of individuals within a society. Preventing and reducing crime is a top priority in many countries. Given limited policing and crime reduction resources, it is often crucial to identify effective strategies to deploy the available resources. Towards this goal, crime hotspot prediction has previously been suggested. Crime hotspot prediction leverages past data in order to identify geographical areas susceptible of hosting crimes in the future. However, most of the existing techniques in crime hotspot prediction solely use historical crime records to identify crime hotspots, while ignoring the predictive power of other data such as urban or social media data. In this paper, we propose CrimeTelescope, a platform that predicts and visualizes crime hotspots based on a fusion of different data types. Our platform continuously collects crime data as well as urban and social media data on the Web. It then extracts key features from the collected data based on both statistical and linguistic analysis. Finally, it identifies crime hotspots by leveraging the extracted features, and offers visualizations of the hotspots on an interactive map. Based on real-world data collected from New York City, we show that combining different types of data can effectively improve the crime hotspot prediction accuracy (by up to 5.2%), compared to classical approaches based on historical crime records only. In addition, we demonstrate the usability of our platform through a System Usability Scale (SUS) survey on a full prototype of CrimeTelescope

Late recrudescence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a pregnant woman: a case report

More than 90% of imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections are diagnosed within five weeks after returning from an endemic area. Here a case of P. falciparum malaria in a pregnant woman is reported, diagnosed four years after her last stay in an endemic area

Impact of nonstationarities on short heart rate variability recordings during obstructive sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by breathing pauses due to collapse of the upper airways. During OSA the autonomic modulation, as noninvasively assessed through heart period (HP) variability, is altered in a time-varying way even though time-varying properties of HP fluctuations are often disregarded by HP variability studies. We performed a time domain analysis computed over very short epochs corresponding to the sole OSA events explicitly accounting for HP variability nonstationarities. Length-matched epochs were extracted during OSA and quiet sleep (SLEEP) in 13 subjects suffering from OSA (11 males, age 55±11, apnea-hypopnea index 44±19). Mean HP, variance and variance of the residual after exponential detrending were assessed as well as the parameters a and b of the exponential fitting in the form y(n)=a·exp(b·n). HP mean and the parameter a increased during OSA compared to SLEEP. The variance of the residual was significantly lower than original variance during both OSA and SLEEP, while the dispersion of the parameter b was significantly larger. Nonstationarities were evident during both SLEEP and OSA but more dramatically apparent during OSA, thus stressing the need of accounting for them when the autonomic control during OSA is under scrutiny

Epigenomic and somatic mutations of pituitary tumors with clinical and pathological correlations in 111 patients

Objective To profile clinically non-aggressive and aggressive pituitary adenomas (PAs)/pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) and pituitary carcinomas for somatic mutations and epigenetic alterations of genes involved in cell proliferation/differentiation, microRNAs (miRNA)/long noncoding RNA (LncRNA)-post-transcriptional regulators and therapy targets. Design Retrospective observational study. Patients and Measurements A total of 64 non-aggressive and 41 aggressive PAs/PitNETs and 6 pituitary carcinomas treated by endoscopic surgery with >= 1-year follow-up were included. Somatic mutations of 17 genes and DNA methylation of 22 genes were assessed. Ten normal pituitaries were used as control. Results We found at least one mutation in 17 tumours, including 6/64 non-aggressive, 10/41 aggressive PAs/PitNETs, and 1/6 pituitary carcinoma. AIP (N = 6) was the most frequently mutated gene, followed by NOTCH (4), and TP53 (3). Hypermethylation of PARP15, LINC00599, ZAP70 was more common in aggressive than non-aggressive PAs/PITNETs (p < .05). Lower levels of methylation of AIP, GNAS and PDCD1 were detected in aggressive PAs/PITNETs than non-aggressive ones (p < .05). For X-linked genes, males presented higher level of methylation of FLNA, UXT and MAGE family (MAGEA11, MAGEA1, MAGEC2) genes in aggressive vs. non-aggressive PAs/PITNETs (p < .05). In pituitary carcinomas, methylation of autosomal genes PARP15, LINC00599, MIR193 and ZAP70 was higher than in PAs/PITNETs, while X-linked genes methylation level was lower. Conclusions Somatic mutations and methylation levels of genes involved in cell proliferation/differentiation, miRNA/LncRNA-post-transcriptional regulators and targets of antineoplastic therapies are different in non-aggressive and in aggressive PAs/PitNETs. Methylation profile also varies according to gender. Combined genetic-epigenetic analysis, in association with clinico-radiological-pathological data, may be of help in predicting PA/PitNET behaviour

Contextualized ranking of entity types based on knowledge graphs

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. A large fraction of online queries targets entities. For this reason, Search Engine Result Pages (SERPs) increasingly contain information about the searched entities such as pictures, short summaries, related entities, and factual information. A key facet that is often displayed on the SERPs and that is instrumental for many applications is the entity type. However, an entity is usually not associated to a single generic type in the background knowledge graph but rather to a set of more specific types, which may be relevant or not given the document context. For example, one can find on the Linked Open Data cloud the fact that Tom Hanks is a person, an actor, and a person from Concord, California. All these types are correct but some may be too general to be interesting (e.g., person), while other may be interesting but already known to the user (e.g., actor), or may be irrelevant given the current browsing context (e.g., person from Concord, California). In this paper, we define the new task of ranking entity types given an entity and its context. We propose and evaluate new methods to find the most relevant entity type based on collection statistics and on the knowledge graph structure interconnecting entities and types. An extensive experimental evaluation over several document collections at different levels of granularity (e.g., sentences, paragraphs) and different type hierarchies (including DBpedia, Freebase, and schema.org) shows that hierarchy-based approaches provide more accurate results when picking entity types to be displayed to the end-user

Teor protéico da dieta e crescimento muscular em ratos submetidos ao

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of diet protein content on skeletal muscle growth in response to anaerobic training in rats. Young male wistar rats were separated into two groups: Normal (N= 17%) and High (H= 35%) protein diet. Each group was subdivided: Sedentary (S) and Trained (T= jumping into the water, supporting a load of 50% of body weight, 10 30-second sessions interrupted by 1 min rest/day, 5 days/week). After 8 weeks gastsrocnemius cell number (DNA content) and size (protein/DNA), carcass, lipid and protein, and blood lactate after 10 exercise sessions were evaluated. All rats showed blood lactate above 8.0 mmol/l after exercise. Gastrocnemius muscle from HT-rats showed increased cell size (8%) in comparison to HS. No differences were observed among the groups in the other variables. These results indicate that the exercise protocol used is anaerobic and that the ingestion of the high protein diet revealed adaptations to anaerobic training that were not expressed while feeding on a normal protein diet.Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos do teor protéico da dieta sobre o crescimento muscular de ratos submetidos a treinamento anaeróbio. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos jovens, separados em dois grupos, de acordo com a dieta: Normoprotéico (N= 17%) e Hiperprotéico (H= 35%). Cada grupo foi subdividido em: Sedentário (S) e Treinado (T= saltos na água, suportando carga de 50% do peso corporal, dez sessões de 30 s intercaladas com um minuto de repouso, por oito semanas). Foram determinados 1. no sangue, lactato após dez sessões de exercício; 2. no fígado; 3. no músculo gastrocnêmio, número (teor de DNA) e tamanho (proteína/DNA) das células e 4. na carcaça, proteína e gordura. O lactato sanguíneo após o exercício foi superior a 8,0 mM em todos os grupos. Os ratos HT apresentaram maior tamanho celular (8%) no músculo em relação aos HS. As demais variáveis não sofreram alterações com os tratamentos. Esses resultados indicam que o protocolo de exercício empregado é anaeróbio e que a ingestão da dieta hiperprotéica evidenciou adaptações ao treinamento que não se manifestaram com a normoprotéica

Hippocampus: answering memory queries using transactive search

Memory queries denote queries where the user is trying to recall from his/her past personal experiences. Neither Web search nor structured queries can effectively answer this type of queries, even when supported by Human Computation so- lutions. In this paper, we propose a new approach to answer memory queries that we call Transactive Search: The user- requested memory is reconstructed from a group of people by exchanging pieces of personal memories in order to reassem- ble the overall memory, which is stored in a distributed fash- ion among members of the group. We experimentally com- pare our proposed approach against a set of advanced search techniques including the use of Machine Learning methods over the Web of Data, online Social Networks, and Human Computation techniques. Experimental results show that Transactive Search significantly outperforms the effective- ness of existing search approaches for memory queries

Calcium mishandling in absence of primary mitochondrial dysfunction drives cellular pathology in Wolfram Syndrome

Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a recessive multisystem disorder defined by the association of diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy, reminiscent of mitochondrial diseases. The role played by mitochondria remains elusive, with contradictory results on the occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction. We evaluated 13 recessive WS patients by deep clinical phenotyping, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), serum lactic acid at rest and after standardized exercise, brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and brain and muscle Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). Finally, we investigated mitochondrial bioenergetics, network morphology, and calcium handling in patient-derived fibroblasts. Our results do not support a primary mitochondrial dysfunction in WS patients, as suggested by MRS studies, OCT pattern of retinal nerve fiber layer loss, and, in fibroblasts, by mitochondrial bioenergetics and network morphology results. However, we clearly found calcium mishandling between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, which, under specific metabolic conditions of increased energy requirements and in selected tissue or cell types, may turn into a secondary mitochondrial dysfunction. Critically, we showed that Wolframin (WFS1) protein is enriched at mitochondrial-associated ER membranes and that in patient-derived fibroblasts WFS1 protein is completely absent. These findings support a loss-of-function pathogenic mechanism for missense mutations in WFS1, ultimately leading to defective calcium influx within mitochondria

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

ABSTRACT: A search for new top quark interactions is performed within the framework of an effective field theory using the associated production of either one or two top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb-¹ of proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Five dimension-six operators modifying the electroweak interactions of the top quark are considered. Novel machine-learning techniques are used to enhance the sensitivity to effects arising from these operators. Distributions used for the signal extraction are parameterized in terms of Wilson coefficients describing the interaction strengths of the operators. All five Wilson coefficients are simultaneously fit to data and 95% confidence level intervals are computed. All results are consistent with the SM expectations.We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the “Excellence of Science — EOS” — be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany’s Excellence Strategy — EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe” — 390833306, and under project number 400140256 — GRK2497; the Lendület (“Momentum”) Program and the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850, 125105, 128713, 128786, and 129058 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2014/15/B/ST2/03998 and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861 (Poland); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, project no. 0723- 2020-0041 (Russia); the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Stavros Niarchos Foundation (Greece); the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.)

Immune and Genetic Signatures of Breast Carcinomas Triggering Anti-Yo–Associated Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration

International audienceBackground and Objectives Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) with anti-Yo antibodies is a cancer-related autoimmune disease directed against neural antigens expressed by tumor cells. A putative trigger of the immune tolerance breakdown is genetic alteration of Yo antigens. We aimed to identify the tumors' genetic and immune specificities involved in Yo-PCD pathogenesis. Methods Using clinicopathologic data, immunofluorescence (IF) imaging, and whole-transcriptome analysis, 22 breast cancers (BCs) associated with Yo-PCD were characterized in terms of oncologic characteristics, genetic alteration of Yo antigens, differential gene expression profiles, and morphofunctional specificities of their in situ antitumor immunity by comparing them with matched control BCs. Results Yo-PCD BCs were invasive carcinoma of no special type, which early metastasized to lymph nodes. They overexpressed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) but were hormone receptor negative. All Yo-PCD BCs carried at least 1 genetic alteration (variation or gain in copy number) on CDR2L, encoding the main Yo antigen that was found aberrantly overexpressed in Yo-PCD BCs. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes found 615 upregulated and 54 downregulated genes in Yo-PCD BCs compared with HER2-driven control BCs without PCD. Ontology enrichment analysis found significantly upregulated adaptive immune response pathways in Yo-PCD BCs. IF imaging confirmed an intense immune infiltration with an overwhelming predominance of immunoglobulin G-plasma cells. Discussion These data confirm the role of genetic alterations of Yo antigens in triggering the immune tolerance breakdown but also outline a specific biomolecular profile in Yo-PCD BCs, suggesting a cancer-specific pathogenesis